NASAA Exam Guide • Updated February 2, 2026

Complete Guide to the Series 65 Exam

Everything you need to know about the Uniform Investment Adviser Law Examination: what it is, who needs it, how to register, what to expect, and what comes after.

130
Questions
10 unscored pilot questions
180
Minutes
3 hours total exam time
72%
Passing Score
94 of 130 correct answers
$175
Exam Fee
Paid to NASAA

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What Is the Series 65 Exam?

Official Information

  • Official Name: Uniform Investment Adviser Law Examination
  • Administered by: NASAA (North American Securities Administrators Association)
  • Purpose: Qualify as an Investment Adviser Representative (IAR) under state law
  • Regulatory Basis: Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (federal) and Uniform Securities Act (state)

Who Needs It

The Series 65 is required for:

  • ✓ Investment Adviser Representatives (IARs)
  • ✓ RIA employees giving investment advice
  • ✓ Financial planners offering fee-based advice
  • ✓ Wealth managers at independent advisory firms
  • ✓ Anyone starting their own RIA firm

Exam Format & Structure

130
Multiple-Choice Questions

120 scored, 10 unscored pilot questions (you cannot identify which ones)

180 min
Total Exam Time

3 hours (about 83 seconds per question). No scheduled breaks.

4 options
Per Question

Each question has choices A, B, C, D. No penalty for guessing.

Question Types

The Series 65 tests knowledge through different question types:

  • Scenario-Based (60-70%): Real-world adviser situations requiring judgment
  • Definition/Regulation (20-30%): Knowledge of laws, regulations, and ethical standards
  • Calculation (10-15%): Financial formulas and math problems

Computer-based testing at Prometric centers nationwide. Immediate pass/fail shown on screen. Official score report within 1-2 business days. On-screen calculator provided (you cannot bring your own).

The Four Exam Sections

Economic Factors & Business Information

15-20% ~20-26 questions
  • Economic indicators and trends
  • Monetary and fiscal policy
  • Business cycles
  • Financial statements and analysis
  • Fundamental and technical analysis

Investment Vehicle Characteristics

20-25% ~26-33 questions
  • Equity securities (stocks, rights, warrants)
  • Fixed-income securities (bonds, notes)
  • Options (calls, puts, strategies)
  • Mutual funds and ETFs
  • Alternative investments
  • Insurance products

Client Investment Recommendations & Strategies

25-30% ~33-39 questions
  • Client profiling and suitability
  • Investment objectives and risk tolerance
  • Asset allocation and diversification
  • Portfolio management strategies
  • Tax considerations
  • Retirement planning

Laws, Regulations & Guidelines

30-35% ~39-46 questions
  • Investment Advisers Act of 1940
  • Uniform Securities Act
  • NASAA Model Rules
  • Registration requirements
  • Fiduciary duty and ethical practices
  • Prohibited practices
  • Custody and recordkeeping

Eligibility & Prerequisites

Who Can Take the Series 65?

✓ No prerequisites required - You don't need SIE, Series 7, or any other exam

✓ No educational requirements - High school diploma not required

✓ Age requirement - Must be 18 years or older (in most states)

✓ Sponsorship - Must be sponsored by a firm OR self-sponsor if forming your own RIA

✓ Form U4 - Must complete Uniform Application for Securities Industry Registration through FINRA's CRD system

You Can Take It

  • • Career changers entering RIA world
  • • College students interning at RIA firms
  • • Those starting their own advisory firm
  • • Anyone with firm sponsorship
  • • Those with criminal history (if disclosed on Form U4)

You Cannot Take It

  • • Broker-dealer reps (use Series 7 instead)
  • • Those with Series 7 + Series 66 (no need)
  • • Barred from securities industry
  • • Without firm sponsorship (unless forming RIA)

How to Register

🏢

Step 1: Firm Sponsorship

Must be associated with a registered firm OR file your own Form ADV if forming an RIA

📝

Step 2: Form U4 Submission

Complete Uniform Application through FINRA's CRD system and pay $175 exam fee

📅

Step 3: Schedule Exam

After CRD approval, schedule at Prometric testing center (1-90 days in advance)

🆔

Step 4: Prepare Documentation

Government-issued photo ID + secondary ID + confirmation number

Timeline

1-5 business days: Form U4 CRD processing
Immediate: Exam enrollment code receipt
1-90 days: Schedule at Prometric (book early)

Testing Center Experience

At Prometric

  • ✓ Arrive 30 minutes early (minimum)
  • ✓ Check-in with 2 forms of ID (photo ID + secondary)
  • ✓ Palm vein biometric scan (replaces signature)
  • ✓ Metal detector screening
  • ✓ Personal items locked in locker (phone, wallet, keys)
  • ✓ On-screen tutorial (not timed)
  • ✓ Proctor monitors via camera throughout exam
  • ✓ Pass/fail result displayed immediately when done

During the Exam:

You can review and change answers, mark questions for later review, and request breaks (but the timer keeps running). You cannot leave your seat without signing out and back in.

What to Bring

Required:

  • • Government-issued photo ID (driver's license, passport)
  • • Secondary ID with signature (credit card)
  • • Confirmation number from Prometric

Cannot Bring:

  • • Your own calculator
  • • Study notes or materials
  • • Phone or smartwatch

Pro Tips

  • ✓ Arrive early to reduce stress
  • ✓ Use the on-screen calculator to familiarize yourself
  • ✓ Mark questions you want to review later
  • ✓ Answer every question (no penalty for guessing)
  • ✓ Read scenario questions carefully
  • ✓ Budget time: ~80-85 seconds per question

Scoring & Results

How It Works

  • 130 questions presented, but only 120 are scored
  • 10 pilot questions unscored (you cannot identify which ones)
  • All questions worth equally, no weighted scoring
  • Passing score: 72% (94 out of 130 correct)
  • No penalty for guessing, so answer every question

Your Score Report

Immediate (on screen): Pass/fail notification only

Within 1-2 business days: Official score report includes:

  • ✓ Overall pass/fail status
  • ✓ Scaled score (if used)
  • ✓ Section-by-section performance (%)
  • ✓ Diagnostic info (strengths & weaknesses)
  • ✓ Sent to you AND your firm

Important:

NASAA may use scaled scoring to adjust for exam difficulty variations. Your 72% passing threshold remains consistent across all versions. The exact number of questions you need correct may vary slightly.

After the Exam: Next Steps

If You Pass

1-2

1-2 business days

Official score report arrives

Detailed section-by-section performance

3-5

3-5 business days

Series 65 appears on FINRA BrokerCheck

Publicly verifiable registration

2-4

2-4 weeks

State registration completed

Firm completes state paperwork, can begin working

State Registration Process

After your Series 65 appears on FINRA BrokerCheck:

  • ✓ Your sponsoring firm completes state registration paperwork
  • ✓ State filing fees apply (varies by state)
  • ✓ Full state approval may take 2-4 weeks
  • ✓ Can only work as IAR after state approval

Career Pathways

Your Series 65 opens these roles:

  • • Investment Adviser Representative (IAR) at RIA firm
  • • Start your own RIA (Registered Investment Advisor)
  • • Financial planner (fee-based advisory)
  • • Wealth manager at independent firm
  • • Fiduciary adviser role

If You Fail

Retake Policy:

  • ✓ After 1st failure: Wait 30 days before retaking
  • ✓ After 2nd failure: Wait 30 days before retaking
  • ✓ After 3rd failure: Wait 180 days (6 months) before retaking
  • ✓ No limit on total attempts
  • ✓ Pay $175 exam fee again for each attempt

Pro Tip: Review your official score report to identify weak sections. Focus your next study cycle on those areas. Most candidates pass on their second attempt if they adjust their study approach.

Read: Failed the Series 65? Here's What to Do Next →

Series 65 vs Other Exams

Series 65 vs Series 66

Aspect Series 65 Series 66
Content Investment adviser law only Series 63 + 65 combined
Prerequisites None Must have Series 7 first
Questions 130 questions 100 questions
Time 180 minutes (3 hours) 150 minutes (2.5 hours)
Best For RIA professionals, career changers Broker-dealer reps who also advise

Series 65 vs Series 7

Aspect Series 65 Series 7
Purpose Investment adviser qualification Securities rep qualification
Business Model Fee-based advisory (RIAs) Commission-based brokerage
Prerequisites None Must have SIE exam
Pass Rate 65-70% 60-65% (harder)

Which Exam Should You Take?

Use this decision framework:

  • Take Series 65 if: Joining RIA firm, no Series 7, starting your own advisory practice, or career changing to wealth management
  • Take Series 66 if: You already have Series 7 and want to also give investment advice at broker-dealer
  • Take Series 7 if: You want to work at broker-dealer selling securities (SIE is prerequisite)
  • No exam if: You're not providing investment advice for compensation

Official Resources

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need any prerequisites to take the Series 65? +

No. The Series 65 has no prerequisites. You don't need any prior exams (like SIE or Series 7), and there's no educational requirement. However, you must be sponsored by a firm or self-sponsor through Form U4.

How hard is the Series 65 exam? +

Moderately difficult. Pass rates hover around 65-70%. The exam tests detailed knowledge of investment adviser regulations and fiduciary standards. Most candidates study 60-100 hours and complete 1,500-2,500 practice questions.

Can I take the Series 65 without working for a firm? +

Yes, if you're forming your own RIA. You must file Form ADV with the SEC or your state, then complete Form U4 as self-sponsored. Most candidates, however, are sponsored by their employer.

What's the difference between Series 65 and Series 66? +

Series 65 focuses only on investment adviser law and regulations. Series 66 combines Series 63 (state securities law) and Series 65 content into one exam. You must have Series 7 before taking Series 66. If you don't have Series 7, take Series 65.

How long is the Series 65 valid? +

Indefinitely, as long as you remain registered with a firm or maintain your own RIA registration. If you leave the industry for 2+ years, you may need to retake the exam depending on state rules.

Can I take the exam online from home? +

No. The Series 65 must be taken at a Prometric testing center in person. No online proctoring is available for NASAA exams.

What happens if I fail the Series 65? +

You must wait 30 days before retaking (after 1st or 2nd failure) or 180 days (after 3rd failure). You'll pay $175 again and reschedule through Prometric. Your official score report shows section performance to help you identify weak areas.

What can I do with a Series 65 license? +

You can work as an Investment Adviser Representative (IAR) at an RIA firm, start your own RIA, or provide fee-based investment advice. The Series 65 qualifies you to give investment advice under state law. You cannot sell securities (that requires Series 7).

Do I need Series 65 if I already have Series 7? +

If you have Series 7 + Series 66, you don't need Series 65 (Series 66 includes Series 65 content). If you only have Series 7, you still need Series 65 or Series 66 to give investment advice.

How much does the Series 65 exam cost? +

The exam fee is $175, paid to NASAA. Additional costs include prep courses ($199-$1,020), state registration fees (varies by state), and Form U4 filing fees (typically covered by sponsoring firm).

Can I bring a calculator to the exam? +

No. You cannot bring your own calculator. Prometric provides an on-screen four-function calculator during the exam.

How many questions about formulas are on the exam? +

Calculation questions make up about 10-15% of the exam (13-20 questions). You should memorize 16 core formulas.

What score do I need to pass the Series 65? +

72% (94 correct answers out of 130 questions). This accounts for 10 unscored pilot questions that don't count toward your score.

When should I schedule my Series 65 exam? +

Most candidates study 6-12 weeks before scheduling. Schedule when you consistently score 80%+ on practice exams. Prometric allows scheduling 1-90 days in advance.

What if I need accommodations (ADA)? +

Contact Prometric Special Accommodations team. You'll need documentation of your disability and specific accommodations needed (extra time, separate room, etc.). Request accommodations before registering.

Is the Series 65 harder than the CFP exam? +

Different focus areas. Series 65 is narrower (investment adviser regulations) and shorter (3 hours vs CFP's 6 hours). CFP covers broader financial planning. Series 65 pass rate: ~65-70%. CFP pass rate: ~60-65%. Both require significant study.

Ready to Start Your Series 65 Journey?

Use this guide with our comprehensive study resources to prepare for exam success.